Everything about Misfit Stream totally explained
A
misfit stream (or
underfit stream) is a
stream that's far too small to have eroded the
valley which the stream occupies. The shape of the valley may also be inconsistent with a typical valley that has been eroded by water. Generally it's reasonable to expect a
valley to be in proportion with the stream that occupies it. When a period of
glaciation modifies the landscape by creating
glacial troughs the rivers that occupy such valleys after the ice has retreated are not in proportion with the size of the
valley. Given the scale of most
glacial troughs almost all of them contain misfit streams.
Alternative causes
Misfit streams can be caused by reductions in the
discharge of the stream. Channel size responds rapidly to variations in
discharge, but valley size responds over much longer timescales. Many causes of reduced
discharges are possible. If misfit streams are widespread in an area
climate change, particularly a reduction in
precipitation is likely to be the cause. If a single river appears to be a misfit stream it may be as a result of anthropogenic interference through
groundwater extraction or
dam construction upstream. Natural causes include
stream capture or other changes in drainage patterns. For instance, New Zealand's largest river (the
Waikato) used to flow through the
Hauraki Plains to the
North Island's east coast, but changed its course to exit on the west coast due to
a large volcanic eruption, leaving its former course through the 1-km wide Hinuera Gap occupied by only a small stream.
Further Information
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